Impetigo is a type of bacterial infection on the skin. It is common to children. The infection is caused by two bacteria: Group A Streptococcus and Staphylococcus aureus. Risk Factors Age: it …
Pressure Injuries
Pressure injuries, also known as bedsores, are common. This is an injury to the skin and the tissues under it. The injuries are due to prolonged pressure on the skin. This happens when you are sitting …
Skin Cancer
The skin is the largest organ of the body. It is our body's barrier from UV light, pathogens, and injuries (chemical or mechanical). Three Layers of the Skin Epidermis: the outermost layer of …
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
What Is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)? Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects many parts of the body. Affected organs (the joints, skin, brain, lungs, …
Tetralogy of Fallot
Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart defect that involves the following 4 chambers of the heart and the vessels of the heart. Ventricle - there is a hole in the ventricles also called a …
Ventricular Septal Defect
Ventricular Septal Defect is a congenital heart anomaly characterized by a hole in the wall (or septum) separating the lower chambers of the heart or the ventricles. This causes oxygen-rich blood to …
Atrial Septal Defect
Atrial septal defect is a congenital heart defect characterized by a hole in the wall (or the septum) of the left and right atrium. The hole present in the heart during fetal development is known …
Transposition of the Great Arteries
What is TGA or transposition of the great arteries? It’s a congenital heart defect that occurs when the positions of the pulmonary artery and aorta are swapped (it’s “transposed”). Notes on …
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Neurogenic Shock: NCLEX Study Guide
Neurogenic shock is a serious condition that happens when a trauma to the spinal cord causes the disruption of blood circulation in the body. It is life-threatening and can cause the blood pressure to …
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Stroke: NCLEX Study Guide
What is a Stroke? Stroke, medically known as Cerebrovascular accident (CVA), is a condition where the blood flow in the brain is impeded due to a ruptured blood vessel or a plaque blockage. The blood …
Autonomic Dysreflexia: NCLEX Study Guide
What is Autonomic Dysreflexia? Autonomic dysreflexia is a serious medical diagnosis that requires immediate treatment. This condition is common in patients with spinal cord injuries, especially when …
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What is Respiratory Alkalosis?
The Physiology of Oxygenation Let’s start with what happens when you breathe in air. When oxygen enters your nose or your mouth, it then travels to your pharynx and to your throat or the larynx, then …